Experimental
Methods in Condensed Matter Physics
(Materials structure
determination & magnetic properties characterization related methods)
The course consists of 15 lectures, 2 h
each. Usually, it is accompanied by appropriate Lab sessions, 3-4 hours
each.
Lecture 1: Experiments
at non-ambient conditions: low and high temperatures & pressures.
Lecture 2: X-rays & sources. Interaction
of X-rays with condensed matter. X-ray equipment: monochromators, detectors,
goniometers & relevant experimental set-ups.
Lecture 3: Fundamentals of applied crystallography:
symmetry operations, space groups, Bravais lattices. Geometrical principles
of X-ray diffraction: Bragg law, Ewald sphere, atomic scattering and structure
factors.
Lecture 4: Kinematic and dynamic theories
of X-ray diffraction: intensity and shape of the X-ray diffraction peaks.
Lecture 5: Determination the structure of
materials by investigating monocrystals: methods of Laue, rotating crystal,
Weisenberg, monocrystalline diffractometry. Direct and Patterson methods.
Lecture 6: Determination the structure
of materials by investigating polycrystals: Debye and Scherrer methods. Qualitative
and quantitative phase analysis, indexing of powder patterns, microcrystallite
size and strain determination, Rietveld refinement.
Lecture 7: Special applications of X-ray
diffraction: small-angle scattering; X-ray topography; texture determination;
disordered materials characterization.
Lecture 8: Interaction of electrons with
condensed matter. Electron diffraction.
Lecture 9: Principles of electron microscopy.
Scanning, transmission and tunelling microscopy. Basic applications.
Lecture 10: Interaction of neutrons with
condensed matter. Neutron diffraction. Elastic and inelastic scattering of
neutrons - applications.
Lecture 11. Magnetism of solids. Producing
& measuring of high magnetic fields.
Lecture 12. Investigation of ac and dc magnetic
susceptibility. Experimental set-ups. Applications.
Lecture 13. Investigation of magnetic anisotropy
and magnetostriction. Applications.
Lecture 14. Magnetic resonance methods (I)
- Electron paramagnetic (EPR) and nuclear magnetic (NMR) resonance. Applications.
Lecture 15. Magnetic resonance methods (II)
- Moessbauer spectroscopy, ferro and antiferro resonance. Applications.
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